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Compare Saint Helena (2001) - Christmas Island (2007)

Compare Saint Helena (2001) z Christmas Island (2007)

 Saint Helena (2001)Christmas Island (2007)
 Saint HelenaChristmas Island
Administrative divisions 1 administrative area and 2 dependencies*; Ascension*, Saint Helena, Tristan da Cunha* none (territory of Australia)
Age structure 0-14 years:
19.08% (male 699; female 687)

15-64 years:
71.72% (male 2,711; female 2,500)

65 years and over:
9.2% (male 286; female 383) (2001 est.)		 0-14 years: NA


15-64 years: NA


65 years and over: NA
Agriculture - products corn, potatoes, vegetables; timber; fish, crawfish (on Tristan da Cunha) NA
Airports 1 (2000 est.) 1 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways total:
1

over 3,047 m:
1 (2000 est.)		 total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007)
Area total:
410 sq km

land:
410 sq km

water:
0 sq km

note:
includes St. Helena Island, Ascension, and the island group of Tristan da Cunha, which consists of Tristan da Cunha Island, Gough Island, Inaccessible Island, and the three Nightingale Islands		 total: 135 sq km


land: 135 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly more than two times the size of Washington, DC about three-quarters the size of Washington, DC
Background Uninhabited when first discovered by the Portuguese in 1502, St. Helena was garrisoned by the British during the 17th century. It acquired fame as the place of Napoleon BONAPARTE's exile, from 1815 until his death in 1821, but its importance as a port of call declined after the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869. Ascension Island is the site of a US Air Force auxiliary airfield; Gough Island has a meteorological station. Named in 1643 for the day of its discovery, the island was annexed and settlement began by the UK in 1888. Phosphate mining began in the 1890s. The UK transferred sovereignty to Australia in 1958. Almost two-thirds of the island has been declared a national park.
Birth rate 13.49 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) NA
Budget revenues:
$11.2 million

expenditures:
$11 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY92)		 revenues: $NA


expenditures: $NA
Capital Jamestown name: The Settlement


geographic coordinates: 10 25 S, 105 43 E


time difference: UTC+7 (12 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate Saint Helena - tropical; marine; mild, tempered by trade winds; Tristan da Cunha - temperate; marine, mild, tempered by trade winds (tends to be cooler than Saint Helena) tropical with a wet season (December to April) and dry season; heat and humidity moderated by trade winds
Coastline 60 km 138.9 km
Constitution 1 January 1989 Christmas Island Act of 1958-59 (1 October 1958) as amended by the Territories Law Reform Act of 1992
Country name conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
Saint Helena		 conventional long form: Territory of Christmas Island


conventional short form: Christmas Island
Currency Saint Helenian pound (SHP) -
Death rate 6.33 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) NA
Debt - external $NA -
Dependency status overseas territory of the UK non-self governing territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas territory of the UK) none (territory of Australia)
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas territory of the UK) none (territory of Australia)
Disputes - international none none
Economic aid - recipient $12.6 million (1995); note - $5.3 million from UK (1997) $NA
Economy - overview The economy depends largely on financial assistance from the UK, which amounted to about $5 million in 1997 or almost one-half of annual budgetary revenues. The local population earns income from fishing, the raising of livestock, and sales of handicrafts. Because there are few jobs, 25% of the work force has left to seek employment on Ascension Island, on the Falklands, and in the UK. Phosphate mining had been the only significant economic activity, but in December 1987 the Australian Government closed the mine. In 1991, the mine was reopened. With the support of the government, a $34 million casino opened in 1993, but closed in 1998. The Australian Government in 2001 agreed to support the creation of a commercial space-launching site on the island, expected to begin operations in the near future.
Electricity - consumption 5.6 million kWh (1999) -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production 6 million kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)		 -
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Queen Mary's Peak on Tristan da Cunha 2,060 m		 lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: Murray Hill 361 m
Environment - current issues NA loss of rainforest; impact of phosphate mining
Ethnic groups African descent 50%, white 25%, Chinese 25% Chinese 70%, European 20%, Malay 10%


note: no indigenous population (2001)
Exchange rates Saint Helenian pounds per US dollar - 0.6764 (January 2001), 0.6596 (2000), 0.6180 (1999), 0.6037 (1998), 0.6047 (1997), 0.6403 (1996); note - the Saint Helenian pound is at par with the British pound Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.3285 (2006), 1.3095 (2005), 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002)
Executive branch chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)

head of government:
Governor and Commander in Chief David HOLLAMBY (since NA June 1999)

cabinet:
Executive Council consists of the governor, two ex officio officers, and six elected members of the Legislative Council

elections:
none; the monarch is hereditary; governor is appointed by the monarch		 chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general


head of government: Administrator Neil LUCAS (since 30 January 2006)


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia
Exports $704,000 (f.o.b., 1995) $NA
Exports - commodities fish (frozen, canned, and salt-dried skipjack, tuna), coffee, handicrafts phosphate
Exports - partners South Africa, UK Australia, NZ (2006)
Fiscal year 1 April - 31 March 1 July - 30 June
Flag description blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Saint Helenian shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield features a rocky coastline and three-masted sailing ship territorial flag; divided diagonally from upper hoist to lower fly; the upper triangle is green with a yellow image of the Golden Bosun Bird superimposed, while the lower triangle is blue with the Southern Cross constellation, representing Australia, superimposed; a centered yellow disk displays a green map of the island; the flag of Australia is used for official purposes
GDP purchasing power parity - $18 million (1998 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
NA%

industry:
NA%

services:
NA%		 -
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $2,500 (1998 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate NA% -
Geographic coordinates 15 56 S, 5 42 W 10 30 S, 105 40 E
Geography - note harbors at least 40 species of plants unknown anywhere else in the world; Ascension is a breeding ground for sea turtles and sooty terns located along major sea lanes of Indian Ocean
Highways total:
158 km (Saint Helena 118 km, Ascension 40 km, Tristan da Cunha 0 km)

paved:
138 km (Saint Helena 98km, Ascension 40 km, Tristan da Cunha 0 km)

unpaved:
NA km 20 km (Saint Helena 20 km, Ascension 0 km, Tristan da Cunha 0 km)		 -
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%		 -
Imports $14.434 million (c.i.f., 1995) $NA
Imports - commodities food, beverages, tobacco, fuel oils, animal feed, building materials, motor vehicles and parts, machinery and parts consumer goods
Imports - partners UK, South Africa principally Australia (2006)
Independence none (overseas territory of the UK) none (territory of Australia)
Industrial production growth rate NA% -
Industries construction, crafts (furniture, lacework, fancy woodwork), fishing tourism, phosphate extraction (near depletion)
Infant mortality rate 22.38 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) total: NA


male: NA


female: NA
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 3.2% (1997 est.) -
International organization participation ICFTU none
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (2000) -
Irrigated land NA sq km NA
Judicial branch Supreme Court; Magistrate's Court; Small Debts Court; Juvenile Court Supreme Court; District Court; Magistrate's Court
Labor force 3,500 (1998 est.)

note:
1,200 of whom are working offshore		 NA
Labor force - by occupation agriculture and fishing 6%, industry (mainly construction) 48%, services 46% (1987 est.) -
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land:
6%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
6%

forests and woodland:
6%

other:
82% (1993 est.)		 arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (mainly tropical rainforest; 63% of the island is a national park) (2005)
Languages English English (official), Chinese, Malay
Legal system NA under the authority of the governor general of Australia and Australian law
Legislative branch unicameral Legislative Council (15 seats, including the speaker, 3 ex officio and 12 elected members; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)

elections:
last held 9 July 1997 (next to be held NA August 2001)

election results:
percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 15		 unicameral Christmas Island Shire Council (9 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)


elections: held every two years with half the members standing for election; last held 20 October 2007 (next to be held in 2009)


election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 9
Life expectancy at birth total population:
77.01 years

male:
74.13 years

female:
80.04 years (2001 est.)		 total population: NA


male: NA


female: NA
Literacy definition:
age 20 and over can read and write

total population:
97%

male:
97%

female:
98% (1987 est.)		 NA
Location islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, about mid-way between South America and Africa Southeastern Asia, island in the Indian Ocean, south of Indonesia
Map references Africa Southeast Asia
Maritime claims exclusive fishing zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM		 territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine none (2000 est.) -
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the UK defense is the responsibility of Australia
National holiday Birthday of Queen ELIZABETH II, second Saturday in June (1926) Australia Day, 26 January (1788)
Nationality noun:
Saint Helenian(s)

adjective:
Saint Helenian		 noun: Christmas Islander(s)


adjective: Christmas Island
Natural hazards active volcanism on Tristan da Cunha the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard
Natural resources fish phosphate, beaches
Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) NA
Political parties and leaders none none
Political pressure groups and leaders none none
Population 7,266 (July 2001 est.) 1,402 (July 2006 est.) (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% -
Population growth rate 0.72% (2001 est.) 0% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors Georgetown (on Ascension), Jamestown -
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (2006)
Radios 3,000 (1997) -
Railways 0 km -
Religions Anglican (majority), Baptist, Seventh-Day Adventist, Roman Catholic Buddhist 36%, Muslim 25%, Christian 18%, other 21% (1997)
Sex ratio at birth:
1.04 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.02 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.08 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.75 male(s)/female

total population:
1.04 male(s)/female (2001 est.)		 NA
Suffrage NA years of age -
Telephone system general assessment:
can communicate with any place in the world

domestic:
automatic network

international:
HF radiotelephone from Saint Helena to Ascension which is a major coaxial submarine cable relay point between South Africa, Portugal, and UK ; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)		 general assessment: service provided by the Australian network


domestic: GSM mobile telephone service replaced older analog system in February 2005


international: country code - 61-8; satellite earth stations - 1 INTELSAT earth station provides telephone and telex service (2005)
Telephones - main lines in use 2,000 (1997) NA
Telephones - mobile cellular 0 (1997) -
Television broadcast stations 0 (1997) 0 (TV broadcasts received via satellite from mainland Australia) (2006)
Terrain Saint Helena - rugged, volcanic; small scattered plateaus and plains

note:
the other islands of the group have a volcanic origin		 steep cliffs along coast rise abruptly to central plateau
Total fertility rate 1.53 children born/woman (2001 est.) NA
Unemployment rate 14% (1998 est.) -
Waterways none -
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